Triple-expansion fluid-pressure turbine.



N16. 719,295. PATENTED JAN. 27, 1903.

D. P. ASBURY. TRIPLE EXPANSIQN FLUID PRESSURE TURBINE.

APPLIQATION FILED AUG. 91 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1m monnn.

T MWN N .719 295. PATENTED JAN. 27 1903.

1). P. ASBURY.

TRIPLE EXPANSION FLUID PRESSURE TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1902. H0 110mm,. 2 sums-mum 2.

wazzwaeaf x DORSEY F. ASBURY, OF MORGANTOWVN, NORTH CAROLINA.

TRIPLE-EXPANSION FLUID-PRESSURE TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 719,295, dated January27, 1903.

Application filed August 9, 1902. $eria11lo. 119.098. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DORSEY F. ASBURY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Morgantown, in the county of Burke and State of NorthCarolina, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Triple-ExpansionFluid- Pressure Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fluid-pressure turbines, the same being designedas an improvement upon the construction shown and described in mypending application for patent, Serial No. 112,681, filed June 21, 1902.

The object of the invention is to provide a novel construction oftripleexpansion turbines for marine use, whereby greater efficiency maybe obtained than has heretofore been accomplished.

Other objects of the invention will hereinafter appear, and that which Iregard as new will be set forth in the claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is alongitudinal sectional view of a triple expansion turbine constructed inaccordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a part section on the line 2 2and a part section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectionalperspective view of two of the diaphragms separated from each other, andFig. 4 is a detail sectional View of two of the diaphragms incooperative relation toeach other.

Like reference-numerals indicate like parts throughout the diiferentviews.

In carrying out my invention I employ an outer shell or casing 1 and ashaft 2, extending longitudinally through the center of the casing andhaving suitable bearings therein. It is proposed that the casing 1 shallbe stationary, while the shaft 2 is capable of rotation within the same.It is obvious, however, that the shaft 2 may be stationary and thecasing 1 mounted to rotate thereon or that both of these parts may bemounted for rotation in opposite directions. The interior of the casingis divided up into a high-pressure chamber 3, a low-pressure chamber 1,and an intermediatepressure chamber 5, the inwardly-extending annularshoulder (3 on the casing 1 and the annular shoulder 7 on the shaft 2separating the high-pressure chamber from the intermediate-pressurechamber, and the inwardly-extending annular shoulder 8 on the casing 1and the annular shoulder 9 on the shaft 2 separating the intermesurechamber 4.. The low-pressure chamber 4 is of greater dimensions than thehigh-pressure chamber 3 or the intermediate-pressure chamber 5, toefiect which the casing 1 is en larged from the rib or shoulder 8 to therear end of the same, forming an enlarged cylindrical portion 10 and aninclined or coneshaped wall 11,which connects the cylindrical portion 10with the cylindrical portion 12, which surrounds the high-pressurechamber 3 and the intermediate-pressure chamber 5.

The casing l is provided at one end with a cone-shaped head 13, whichmerges into a the shaft 2 passes and between which and said shaftsuitable bearings are provided, as clearly shown. The opposite end ofthe casing 1 is provided with a head 15, having a cylindrical portion 16secured thereto or formed integral therewith, through which cylindricalportion the shaft 2 passes and between which cylindrical portion andsaid shaft suitable bearings are provided. The bearings between theshaft 2 and the cylindrical portions 14 and 16, respectively, are suchas to prevent any leakage between these parts. Between the head 13 andthe annular shouldinally-extending ribs 17, forming passages betweenthem, as will hereinafter appear. Between the annular shoulders 6 and 8said casing 1 is provided with longitudinally-extending ribs 18, formingpassages between them, and between the tapering or coneshaped wall 11and the head 15 the enlarged cylindrical portion 10 of the casing 1 isprovided with longitudinally-extending ribs 19, forming passages betweenthem. The ribs referred to also serve to strengthen the walls of thecasing, so as to enable them to withstand the pressure to which the sameare subjected. The shaft 2 is also provided with longitudinallyextendingribs 20, forming passages between them, the said ribs and passagesextending from the contracted end of the cone-shaped head 13 to theshoulder 7on said shaft. Between the shoulders 7 and 9 on the shaft 2the said shaft is further provided with longitudinally-extending ribs21,

diate-pressure chamber 5 from the low-preshollow cylindrical portion 14,through which der 6 the casing 1 is provided with longituformingpassages between them. Between the shoulder 9 on the shaft 2 and theshoulder 22 on said shaft, between which and the the same being locatedbetween the ports 26 and the shoulder 9. The ports 26, 27, and 28constitute a means of com munication between the bore or passage 25 inthe shaft 2 and each of the passages formed by the ribs 21.

Located within the enlarged cylindrical portion 10 of the casing 1,adjacent to the head 15, is a support 29, made up of acone-shapedportion 30, which lies parallel to the coneshaped head 13 at theopposite end of the casing 1, and an integral cylindrical portion 31,which surrounds the shaft 2 and which is keyed or otherwise secured tosaid shaft.

Between the cone-shaped portion of the head 13 and'the cylindricalportion 14 thereof said head is formed with an annular enlargement,producing an annular passage 32, into which the inlet-pipe 33 for theadmission of high-pressure steam from the boiler to the high-pressurechamber 3 comm unicates. The said passage 32 is located at the outerends of the passages between the ribs on the shaft 2 and communicateswith all of said passages.

Formed upon the casing 1, between the head 13 and the shoulder 6, is anannular enlargement 34, forming an annular passage 35, which extendscompletely around the cylindrical portion 12 of the casing 1 andcommunicates with all of the passages between the ribs 17. Leading fromthe passage 35 are one or more pipes 36, which communicate at theiropposite ends with the bore or passage 25 in the center of the shaft 2.Formed upon the casingl, between the shoulders 6 and 8, is an annularenlargement 37, producing an annular passage 38,which extends completelyaround the cylindrical portion 12 of the easing 1 and communicates withall of the passages between the ribs 18. A pipe or series of pipes 39lead from the passage 38 and communicate with a nipple or series ofnipples 40, formed integral with the head 15, between the body portionthereof and the cylindrical extension 16, the said nipple or nipples 40themselves communicating with an annular passage 41, surrounding theshaft 2 and communicating with the passages between the ribs 24 on saidshaft. One or more annular enlargements 42 43, producing annularpassages 44 45, are formed on the enlarged cylindrical portion 10 of thecasing 1, the said passages extending completely around the casing andcommunicating with all of the passages between the ribs 19. The passages44 45 are provided for the exhaust of the motive fluid from thelow-pressure chamber 4, V

and the same may, if desired, have connected with them a suitableexhaust-pipe. The cylindrical enlargements 34 and 37 and 42 and 43 inaddition to the functions above ascribed to them serve to stiffen andstrengthen the casing of the device, so as to assist further in enablingsaid casing to withstand the internal pressure to which it is subjected.

Keyed to the ribs 17 and to the conical portion of the head 13 are thecone-shaped diaphragms 46 46, the same having enlarged bases andsomewhat narrower web portions 47. The web portions of said diaphragmsare parallel to but separated from each other, the same extending atsubstantially right angles to the cone-shaped portion of the head 13. Insaid diaphragms transverse ports or passages are provided having bladesor vanes 48 therein. Said vanes 48 all extend in the same direction witheach other. The ports or passages in which said vanes are located alllie in line with each other, as clearly shown.

to but separated from each other and extending at substantially rightangles to-the coneshaped portion of the head 13. The web portions 51 ofthe diaphragms 50 are located between and in close contact with the webportions 47 of the diaphragms 46. The said web portions 51 are furtherprovided with transverse ports adapted to register with the ports in theweb portions 47 of the diaphragms 46, and in the ports in saiddiaphragms 50- are located the blades or vanes 52. All of the vanes 52extend in the same direction,'but extend in a direction opposite that ofthe vanes 48. The alternate bases of the diaphragms 50 are provided withports 53, which communicate with the transverse ports in the webportions of said diaphragm and which also communicate with the passagesbetween the ribs 20 on the shaft 2. The diaphragms 46 and 50 in theintermediate-pressure chamber 5 are of exactly the same construction asthe diaphragms 46 and 50 in the high-pressure chamber 3, except that allof the diaphragms 46 in the intermediate chamber 5 are keyed to the ribs18 and the ports 49 therein communicate with the passages between thelatter ribs and except that the ports 53 in the diaphragms 50.communicate with the passages between the ribs 21 on the shaft 2. In thelow-pressure chamber the diaphragms 46 ICC are keyed to the ribs 19 andto theconeshaped wall 11, which connects the enlarged cylindricalportion 10 of the casing 1 with the contracted cylindrical portion 12 ofsaid casing. Furthermore, the diaphragms 50 in the low-pressure chamberare keyed partly to the cone-shaped portion 30 of the support 29. Theconstruction, arrangement, and location of all of the diaphragms 46 and50 and the ports and vanes therein are identical with each other, withthe exceptions above noted, throughout the whole device.

From the foregoing description it is thought that the operation of myimproved turbine will be readily understood' Briefly stat-ed, however,itis as follows: Upon admitting steam or other motive fluid into theinletpipe 33 the same passes through the annular passage 32 into thepassages between the ribs on the shaft 2. From the latter passages thesame passes through the ports 53 of the diaphragms 50 in thehigh-pressure chamber 3 and thence through the transverse ports in theweb portions 47 and 51 of the diaphragms46 and 50, respectively. In sodoing it acts upon the blades or vanes 48 and 52, with the result thatthe shaft 2 is rotated with respect to the casing 1. After acting uponthe vanes in the high-pressure chamber 3 the steam passes through theports 49 into the passages between the ribs 17 and thence into theannular passage 35. From the latter passage it passes through the pipeor pipes 36 into the hollowed-out portion or bore within the shaft 2.Thence the steam passes through the ports 26, 27, and 28 into thepassages formed by the ribs 21 between the shoulders 7 and 9 and throughthe ports in the web portions of the diaphragms 46 and in theintermediate-pressure chamber 5. After leaving the ports in thediaphragms in the intermediate-pressure chamber the steam passes intothe passages between the ribs 18 and thence into the annular passage 38,which extends around the casing 1. From the annular passage 38 the steampasses through the pipe or pipes 39 into the nipple or nipples 4:0 andfrom the latter into the annular passage 41 and thence into the passagesbetween the ribs 2+L on the shaft 2. The steam thence passes through thetransverse ports in the web portions of the diaphragms 46 and 50 in thelow-pressure chamber 4, acting upon the blades 18 and 52 and serving torotate the shaft 2 in the same direction that it was rotated by thepassage of the steam through the high-pressure chamber 3 and through theintermediate-pressure chamber 5. After the steam has acted within thelow-pressure chamber 4 it passes into the passages between the ribs 19and exhausts from the annular passages 4A and 45.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the steam or other motivefluid acts in the high-pressure chamber 3, in the intermediate chamber5, and finally in the low-pressure chamber 4 to rotate the shaft 2 withrespect to the casing 1. All of the energy of the steam is thus utilizedand a high degree of efficiency thereby obtained.

Having now described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure byLetters Patent, is

1. In a triple-expansion fluid-pressure turbine, a casing havinghigh-pressu re, low-pressure and intermediate pressure chambers therein,a shaft mounted in said casing and extending therethrough, one of saidparts being rotatable, parallel angularly arranged diaphragms secured tosaid casing and having transverse ports therein, vanes in said ports allextending in the same direction, parallel angularly-arranged diaphragmssecured to said shaft, located between the diaphragms on said casing andhaving transverse ports therein adapted to register with the ports inthe adjacent diaphragms, vanes in the latter ports all extending in thesame direction but in an opposite direction to the vanes in the ports ofthe adjacentdiaphragms, means for admitting live steam to thehighpressure chamber, means for conducting the exhaust from thehigh-pressure chamber to the intermediate-pressure chamber, means forconducting the exhaust from the intermediate-pressure chamber to thelow-pressure chamber, and an exhaust-passage for the lat ter chamber.

2. In a triple-expansion fluid-pressure turbine, a casing havinghigh-pressure, low-pressure and intermediate pressure chambers therein,a shaft mounted in said casing, extending therethrough, and havingpassages therein communicating respectively with said chambers, one ofsaid parts being rotatable, parallel angularly-arranged diaphragmssecured to said casing and having transverse ports therein, vanes insaid ports all extending in the same direction, parallelangularlyarranged diaphragms secured to said shaft, located between thediaphragms on said casing and having transverse ports therein adapted toregister with the ports in the adjacent diaphragms, vanes in the latterports all extending in the same direction but in an opposite directionto the vanes in the ports of the adj acent diaphragms, means foradmitting live steam to the passages in said shaft which communicatewith said high-pressure chamber, means for conducting the exhaust fromthe high-pressure chamber to the passages in said shaft whichcommunicate with the intermediate-pressure chamber, means for conductingthe exhaust from the intermediate-pres sure chamber to the passagesinsaid shaft which communicate with the low-pressure chamber, and anexhaust-passage for the latter chamber.

3. In a triple-expansion fluid-pressure turbine, a casing having acone-shaped head at one end, and having high-pressure,intermediate-pressure and low-pressure chambers therein, a shaft mountedin said casing, extending therethrough, and having passages thereincommunicating respectively with said chambers, one of said parts beingrotatable, a support secured to said shaft within said casing and havinga cone-shaped portion parallel to said cone-shaped head, parallelconeshaped diaphragms secured to said casing and to said cone-shapedhead, and having transverse ports in the web portions thereof, vanes insaid ports, all extending in the same direction,parallel cone-shapeddiaphragms secured to said shaft and to the cone-shaped portion of saidsupport, located between the diaphragms on said casing and on said head,and having transverse ports in the web portions thereof adapted toregister with the ports in the adjacent diaphragms, vanes in the latterports all extending in the same direction but in an opposite directionto the vanes in the ports of the adjacent diaphragms, means foradmitting live steam to the passages in said shaft which communicatewith said high-pressure chamber, means for conducting the exhaust fromthe high-pressure chamber to the passages in said shaft whichcommunicate with the intermediate-pressure chamber, means for conductingthe exhaust from the intermediate-pressure chamber to the passages insaid shaft which communicate with the lowpressure chamber, and'anexhaust-passage for the latter chamber.

4. In a triple-expansion fluid-pressure turbine, a casing having headsat its opposite ends, one of which is cone-shaped, and havin ghigh-pressure,'intermediatepressu re and low-pressure chambers therein,the said casing being further provided with inwardly-extending annularshoulders between the adjacent chambers, and withlongitudinally-extending ribs in the difierent chambers, formingpassages, a shaft extending through said casing and having bearings insaid heads, the said shaft being further provided with annular shouldersbetween the different chambers in said casing, withlongitudinally-extending ribs between and on opposite sides of thelatter shoulders, forming passages which communicate respectively withsaid chambers, and with a longitudinally -.extending bore whichcommunicates with the passages in said shaft which lead to saidintermediatepressure chamber, a support secured to said shaft having acone-shaped portion lying parallel to said cone-shaped head, an annularpassage surrounding and communicating with the passages in said shaftwhich lead to said high-pressure chamber, an inlet-pipe for live steamcommunicating with said annular passage, an annular passage extendingaround said casing and communicating with the passages between the ribson said casing in said high-pressure chamber, a pipe leading from thelatter annular passage to the bore in said shaft, an annular passagesurrounding said casing and communicating with the passages between theribs on said casing in said intermediate-pressure chamber, a pipeleading from the latter annular passage and communicating with thepassages between the ribs on said shaft which lead to said lowpressurechamber, an exhaust-passage leading from the low-pressure chamber,parallel diaphragms secured to said casing and to said cone shaped head,and having transverse ports therein, vanes in the latter ports allextending in the same direction, parallel diaphragms secured to saidshaft and to the cone-shaped portion of said support located between thediaphragms on said casing and having transverse ports thereon adapted toregister with the ports in the adjacent diaphragms, and vanes in thelatter ports all extending in the same direction but in an oppositedirection to the vanes in the ports of the adjacent diaphragms.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

DORSEY F. ASBURY.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM E. Ross, Roscon M. WAGSTAFF.

